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Inflammatory and subtype-dependent serum protein signatures predict survival beyond the ctDNA in aggressive B cell lymphomas

Med, 2024

Arffman M., Meriranta L., Autio M., Holte H., Jørgensen J., Brown P., Jyrkkiö S., Jerkeman M., Drott K., Fluge ?., Björkholm M., Karjalainen-Lindsberg M., Beiske K., Pedersen M., Leivonen S., Leppä S.

Disease areaApplication areaSample typeProducts
Oncology
Pathophysiology
Patient Stratification
Plasma
Olink Explore 3072/384

Olink Explore 3072/384

Abstract

Background
Biological heterogeneity of large B cell lymphomas (LBCLs) is poorly captured by current prognostic tools, hampering optimal treatment decisions.
Methods
We dissected the levels of 1,463 serum proteins in a uniformly treated trial cohort of 109 patients with high-risk primary LBCL (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01325194) and correlated the profiles with molecular data from tumor tissue and circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) together with clinical data.
Findings
We discovered clinically and biologically relevant associations beyond established clinical estimates and ctDNA. We identified an inflamed serum protein profile, which reflected host response to lymphoma, associated with inflamed and exhausted tumor microenvironment features and high ctDNA burden, and translated to poor outcome. We composed an inflammation score based on the identified inflammatory proteins and used the score to predict survival in an independent LBCL trial cohort (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03293173). Furthermore, joint analyses with ctDNA uncovered multiple serum proteins that correlate with tumor burden. We found that SERPINA9, TACI, and TARC complement minimally invasive subtype profiling and that TACI and TARC can be used to evaluate treatment response in a subtype-dependent manner in the liquid biopsy.
Conclusions
Altogether, we discovered distinct serum protein landscapes that dissect the heterogeneity of LBCLs and provide agile, minimally invasive tools for precision oncology.

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